Anything and Everything

  Network interface card (NIC) A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component, typically a circuit board or  chip , which is installed on a computer so that it can connect to a network. Modern NICs provide functionality to computers such as support for  I/O   interrupt , direct memory access ( DMA )  interfaces , data transmission, network  traffic engineering   and partitioning. A NIC provides a computer with a dedicated, full-time connection to a network by implementing the  physical layer  circuitry necessary for communicating with a  data link layer  standard, such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Each card represents a device and can prepare, transmit and control the flow of data on the network. The NIC uses the  OSI model  to send signals at the physical layer, transmit data packets at the network layer and operate as an interface at the  TCP/IP  layer. The network card operates as a middleman between a computer and a data network. For example, when a user requests a we

Front End Processor (FEP) A  front end processor  (FEP), or a  communications processor , is a small-sized  computer  which interfaces to the  host computer  a number of  networks , such as  SNA , or a number of  peripheral devices , such as  terminals ,  disk units ,  printers  and  tape units . Data is transferred between the host computer and the front end processor using a high-speed  parallel interface . The front end processor communicates with peripheral devices using slower  serial interfaces , usually also through communication networks. The purpose is to off-load from the host computer the work of managing the peripheral devices, transmitting and receiving messages, packet assembly and disassembly, error detection, and error correction. [1]  Two examples are the  IBM 3705 Communications Controller  and the  Burroughs  Data Communications Processor. MORE BLOGS AT:-  https://darkwriter17.blogspot.com Sometimes FEP is synonymous with a  communications controller , alt

          Different  Types Of Switching techniques In large networks, there can be multiple paths from sender to receiver. The switching technique will decide the best route for data transmission. Switching technique is used to connect the systems for making one-to-one communication. MORE BLOGS AT:-  https://darkwriter17.blogspot.com Classification Of Switching Techniques                                           Circuit Switching Circuit switching is a switching technique that establishes a dedicated path between sender and receiver. In the Circuit Switching Technique, once the connection is established then the dedicated path will remain to exist until the connection is terminated. Circuit switching in a network operates in a similar way as the telephone works. A complete end-to-end path must exist before the communication takes place. In case of circuit swit