Anything and Everything

  Network interface card (NIC) A network interface card (NIC) is a hardware component, typically a circuit board or  chip , which is installed on a computer so that it can connect to a network. Modern NICs provide functionality to computers such as support for  I/O   interrupt , direct memory access ( DMA )  interfaces , data transmission, network  traffic engineering   and partitioning. A NIC provides a computer with a dedicated, full-time connection to a network by implementing the  physical layer  circuitry necessary for communicating with a  data link layer  standard, such as Ethernet or Wi-Fi. Each card represents a device and can prepare, transmit and control the flow of data on the network. The NIC uses the  OSI model  to send signals at the physical layer, transmit data packets at the network layer and operate as an interface at the  TCP/IP  layer. The network card operates as a middleman between a computer and a data network. For example, when a user requests a we

EVOLUTION The  Internet  ( portmanteau  of  interconnected network ) is the global system of interconnected  computer networks  that use the  Internet protocol suite  (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide. It is a  network of networks  that consists of private, public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope, linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless, and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries a vast range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked  hypertext  documents and  applications  of the  World Wide Web  (WWW),  electronic mail ,  telephony , and  file sharing . The origins of the Internet date back to research commissioned by the  federal government of the United States  in the 1960s to build robust, fault-tolerant communication with computer networks. [1] MORE BLOGS AT:-  https://darkwriter17.blogspot.com  The primary precursor network, the  ARPANET , initially served as a backbone for interconn

AADHAAR Aadhaar  ( English :  foundation  or  base ) is a 12-digit unique identity number that can be obtained voluntarily by residents of India, based on their  biometric  and  demographic  data. The data is collected by the Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), a statutory authority established in January 2009 by the government of India, under the jurisdiction of the  Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology , following the provisions of the  Aadhaar (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other Subsidies, benefits and services) Act, 2016 . [1] Aadhaar is the world's largest  biometric ID system .  World Bank Chief Economist   Paul Romer  described Aadhaar as "the most sophisticated ID programme in the world". [4]  Considered a proof of residence and not a proof of citizenship, Aadhaar does not itself grant any rights to domicile in India. [5]  In June 2017, the  Home Ministry  clarified that Aadhaar is not a valid  identification document  for I

Economic growth Economic growth  is the increase in the inflation-adjusted  market value  of the goods and services produced by an  economy  over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real  gross domestic product , or real GDP. [1] Growth is usually calculated in  real  terms - i.e.,  inflation-adjusted  terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of  inflation  on the price of goods produced.  Measurement of economic growth  uses  national income accounting . [2]  Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure. The economic growth rates of nations are commonly compared using the ratio of the  GDP  to population or per-capita income. [3] The "rate of economic growth" refers to the geometric annual rate of growth in GDP between the first and the last year over a period of time. This growth rate is the trend in the average level of GDP